Peningkatan Kualitas Pupuk Hayati Diperkaya dengan Bakteri Pelarut Kalium, Fosfor dan Penambat Nitrogen Indigenous dari Berbagai Rizosfer Tanaman Padi Terhadap Kandungan Hara dan Jumlah Populasi Mikroba
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Abstract
Pupuk hayati merupakan pupuk organik mengandung sekelompok mikroorganisme yang beragam, berperan mendorong pertumbuhan tanaman dan menjaga kesehatan tanah. Penelitian sebelumnya pupuk hayati dengan penambahan bakteri Azotobacter sp, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus thuringiensis. Kebaharuan penelitian ini adalah pupuk hayati diperkaya dengan bakteri pelarut kalium berasal dari berbagai rizosfer tanaman padi. Tujuan penelitian memperoleh jenis bakteri pelarut kalium efektif meningkatkan kandungan hara pupuk hayati. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 8 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan BK0 (pupuk hayati pengayaan bakteri Azotobacter sp, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus thuringiensis), BKBM (pupuk hayati pengayaan bakteri Azotobacter sp, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus thuringiensis , bakteri pelarut K varietas Bujang Marantau), BKMM (pupuk hayati pengayaan bakteri Azotobacter sp, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus thuringiensis , bakteri pelarut K varietas Mundam). BKCK (pupuk hayati pengayaan bakteri Azotobacter sp, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus thuringiensis , bakteri pelarut K varietas Cilalek), BKRK (pupuk hayati pengayaan bakteri Azotobacter sp, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus thuringiensis, bakteri pelarut K varietas Rendah Kuning), BKSP (pupuk hayati pengayaan bakteri Azotobacter sp, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus thuringiensis ,varietas Saganggam Panuah), BKKP (pupuk hayati pengayaan bakteri Azotobacter sp Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus thuringiensis,, bakteri pelarut K varietas Keriting Putih), BKJG (pupuk hayati pengayaan bakteri Azotobacter sp, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus thuringiensis , bakteri pelarut K dari varietas Junjuang). Parameter pengamatan suhu, pH, kadar air, C-organik, hara N total, P2O5 total, K2O dan pertumbuhan koloni bakteri pupuk hayati. Hasil pengamatan suhu tumpukan pupuk hayati mencapai puncak pada hari ke 18, kecuali pada BKJG hari ke 27. Nilai pH, kadar air dan C-organik biofertilizer paling tinggi pada BKJG. Kandungan hara N paling tinggi pada BKSP sedangkan kandungan hara P2O5 dan K2O pada perlakuan BKJG. Pengayaan bakteri pada pupuk hayati diamati jumlah koloni bakteri pada biakan murni diperoleh pada hari ke 7 jumlah koloni bakteri paling tinggi pada BKJG. Kesimpulan isolat bakteri pelarut K asal rizosfer varietas Junjuang dan Saganggam Panuah lebih efektif untuk diaplikasikan pada pupuk hayati.
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How to Cite
Elita , N., Erlinda , R., Yefriwati, Y., Sari , D. A., & Illahi , A. K. (2024). Peningkatan Kualitas Pupuk Hayati Diperkaya dengan Bakteri Pelarut Kalium, Fosfor dan Penambat Nitrogen Indigenous dari Berbagai Rizosfer Tanaman Padi Terhadap Kandungan Hara dan Jumlah Populasi Mikroba. Agroteknika, 7(4), 655-671. https://doi.org/10.55043/agroteknika.v7i4.418
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Elita, N., Agustamar & Yulensri. (2012). Eksplorasi dan Reinokulasi Mikroorganisme Pelarut Fospat Indigenous Untuk meningkatkan Produksi Padi Metode SRI. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pengembangan Agroindustri Untuk mendukung Perekonomian Rakyat. ISBN:978-979-9869-2-8.
Elita, N., Erlinda, R.& Agustamar. (2018). Buku Proses Penemuan Isolat Bakteri Azotobacter Pada Rhizosfir Tanaman Padi Metode SRI. Indonesia Patent No.000113635.
Elita, N., Harmailis, H., Erlinda, R., & Susila, E. (2021). Pengaruh Aplikasi Trichoderma spp. Indigenous terhadap Hasil Padi Varietas Junjuang Menggunakan System of Rice intensification. Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim, 45(1), 79-89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jti.v45n1.2021.79-89 https://epublikasi.pertanian.go.id/berkala/jti/article/view/3270
Elita, N., Illahi, A. K, Sari, D. A., Yulensri, Maulina, F., Karmaita, Y., ..., & Yanti, R. (2022b). Effect of Types of organik material and microbial enrichment on C/N ratio, Nutrition of compost, and microbe population with Trichoderma sp. Indigenous Activators. Res Militaris, 12(6). https://drive.google.com/file/d/1i7MdB_IuWd21NexUYRx0aflLqjKyUbp8/view?usp=drivesdk
Elita, N., Susila, E., Agustamar, & Rizki. (2022a). Identifikasi Molekuler Trichoderma spp. Indigenous dari Rizosfer Beberapa Varietas Padi Asal Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota dan Kota Payakumbuh. Agroteknika, 5(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.55043/agroteknika.v5i1.114
Elita, N., Susila, E., Sari, D. A., & Illahi, A. K. (2023). Uji Peningkatan Perkecambahan dan Vigor Benih Padi Varietas Junjuang dengan Isolat Trichoderma spp. Indigenous. Jurnal Agrikultura, 34(3). https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v34i3.45941
Etesami, H., Emami, S., & Alikhani, H. A. (2017). Potassium solubilizing bacteria (KSB) mechanisms, promotion of plant growth, and future prospects-a review. Journal of soil science and plant nutrition, 17(4), 897-911. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-95162017000400005
Fasusi, O. A., Cruz, C., & Babalola, O. O. (2021). Agricultural sustainability: microbial biofertilizer in rhizosphere management. Agriculture, 11(2), 163. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11020163
Hidayat, N., Alkas, T. R., Mudi, L., Faradilla, F., Mentari, F. S. D., Daryono, D., & Tonidi, T. (2024). Aplikasi Bakteri Endofit Asal Kelubut (Passiflora foetida L.) Penghasil Hormon IAA untuk Meningkatkan Perkecambahan Benih Padi. Agroteknika, 7(3), 333-343. https://doi.org/10.55043/agroteknika.v7i3.261
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Khanghahi, M. Y., Pirdashti, H., Rahimian, H., Nematzadeh, G., & Sepantalou, M. G. (2018). Potassium solubilizing bacteria (KSB) isolated from rice paddy soil : from isolation, identification to K use efficiency. Symbiosis, 76, 13-23. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13199-017-0533-0/metrics
Krishnaraj, P. U., & Dahale, S. (2014). Mineral phosphate solubilization: concepts and prospects in sustainable agriculture. Proceeding of Indian Natural Science Academy, 80(2), 389-405. http://dx.doi.org/10.16943/ptinsa/2014/v80i2/55116
Li, Z., Fang, F., Wu, L., Gao,F., Li, M., Li, B., ..., & Liu, Z. (2024). The microbial coomunity, nutrient supply and crop yields differ along a potassium fertilizer gradient under wheat-maize double-cropping systems. Journal of Intergrative Agriculture, 23(10), 3592-3609. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.01.031
Madrini, B., Shibusawa, S., Kojima, Y., & Hosaka, S. (2016). Effect of natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) on ammonia emission of leftover food-ricehulls composting at the initial stage of the thermophilic process.
Journal of Agricultural Meterology, 72(1), 12-19. https://doi.org/10.2480/agrmet.D-15-00012
Mahmud, A. A., Upadhyay, S. K., Srivastava, A. K., & Bhojiya, A. A. (2021). Biofertilizers: A Nexus between soil fertility and crop productivity under abiotic stress. Current Research in Environmental Sustainability, 3, 100063. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crsust.2021.100063
Marlina, E.T, Badruzzaman, D. Z., Harlia, E., Hidayati, Y. A., & Susilawati, I. (2020). Microbial Population Dynamics and Fiber Reduction in The Initial Decomposition of Beef Cattle Waste Composting. ZIRAA’AH, 45(1), 94-102. https://ojs.uniska-bjm.ac.id/index.php/ziraah/article/download/2657/2009
Meena, V. S., Maurya. B. R., Verma, J. P., Aeron, A., Kumar, A., Kim, K., & Bajpai, V. K. (2015). Otassium Solubilizing rhizobacteria (KSB) isolated identification and K release dynamics, from waste mica. Ecological Engineering, 81, 340-347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.04.065
Morales-Corts, M. R., Pérez-Sánchez, R., & Gómez-
Sánchez, M. A. (2018). Efficiency of garden waste compost
teas on tomato growth and its suppressiveness against
soilborne pathogens. Scientia Agricola, 75(5), 400-409. https://doi.org/10.17707/AgricultForest.64.4.01
Petric, I., Avdihozic, E., & Ibric, N. (2015). Numerical simulation of composting process for mixture of organic fraction of municipal solid waste and poultry manure. Ecological Engineering, 75, 242-249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.12.003
Poincelot, R. P. (1977). The biochemistry of composting. In Composting of Municipal Residues and Sludge. Proceedings of the National Composting Conference. pp. 33-39. Information Transfer, Rockville, MD, USDA. https://ia801303.us.archive.org/2/items/biochemistrymeth1975poin/biochemistrymeth1975poin.pdf
Rastogi, M., Nandal, M., & Khosla, B. (2020). Microbes as vital additives for solid waste composting. Heliyon, 6(2), e03343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03343
Sardans, J., & Peñuelas, J. (2015). Potassium: a neglected nutrient in global change. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 24(3), 261-275. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12259
Sarikhani, M. R., Oustan, S., Ebrahimi, M., & Aliasgharzad, N. (2018). Isolation and identification of potassium-realising bacteria in soil and assessment of their ability to release potassium for plants. European Journal of Soil Science, 69(6), 1078-1086. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12708
Sneha, S., Anitha, B., Sahair, R. A., Raghu, N., Gopenath, T. S., Chandrashekrappa, G. K., & Basalingappa, M. K. (2018). Biofertilizer for crop production and soil fertility. Academia Journal of Agricultural Research, 6(8), 299-306. https://doi.org/10.15413/ajar.2018.0130 https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/20219924664
Soong, X. D., Liu, F., Wu, H. Y., Cao, Q., Zhong, C., Yang, J. L., ..., & Zhang, G. L. (2020). Effects of long-term K fertilization on soil available potassium in East China. Catena, 188(104412). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2019.104412
Soumare,A., sarr,D., Diedhiou, A,G., 2023. Potassium sources, microorganisms and plant nutrition : Challenges and future research directions. Pedosphere, 33(1), 105-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedsph.2022.06.025
Sun, B., Gu, L., Bao, L., Zhang, S., Wei, Y., Bai, Z., ..., & Zhuang, X. (2020a). Application of biofertilizer containing Bacillus subtilis reduced the nitrogen loss in agricultural soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 148, 107911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2020.107911
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