Analisis Atribut Sensitif Keberlanjutan Petani Plasma Kelapa Sawit di Kecamatan Teluk Gelam
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Abstract
Keberlanjutan usaha tani kelapa sawit pola plasma sangat ditentukan oleh ketahanan internal petani terhadap tekanan eksternal, terutama yang terkait dengan ketergantungan finansial/pembiayaan dari skema kredit kemitraan. Meskipun berfungsi sebagai modal awal, tingginya rasio kewajiban finansial berpotensi melemahkan ketahanan usaha dan status keberlanjutan jangka panjang petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis indeks keberlanjutan multidimensi (dimensi ekonomi, lingkungan, sosial, teknis dan kelembagaan) serta mengidentifikasi atribut pengungkit (leverage) yang paling sensitif dalam meningkatkan status keberlanjutan petani plasma di Kecamatan Teluk Gelam, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampel secara sengaja (purposive sampling) terhadap 50 petani plasma pada masing-masing KUD. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara terstruktur dan studi literatur. Analisis keberlanjutan menggunakan pendekatan Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) melalui program Rap-PalmOil. Selanjutnya, analisis daya ungkit (leverage analysis) dari MDS digunakan untuk menentukan faktor-faktor dengan pengaruh tertinggi terhadap keberlanjutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status keberlanjutan petani plasma berada pada kategori cukup berkelanjutan (61,72), dengan dimensi teknis dan kelembagaan menjadi faktor paling sensitif terhadap perubahan leverage. Tingginya leverage terbukti menurunkan indeks keberlanjutan akibat meningkatnya ketergantungan pada kewajiban kredit serta lemahnya posisi tawar petani dalam pola kemitraan plasma. Penguatan kapasitas kelembagaan dan perbaikan tata kelola keuangan menjadi strategi krusial untuk meningkatkan keberlanjutan jangka panjang petani plasma.
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How to Cite
Ningsih, S. W., Lifianthi, L., & Purbiyanti, E. (2026). Analisis Atribut Sensitif Keberlanjutan Petani Plasma Kelapa Sawit di Kecamatan Teluk Gelam. Agroteknika, 9(2), 494-510. https://doi.org/10.55043/agroteknika.v9i2.715
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Antonio, Y., Kusuma, T. G. B., & Pamungkas, B. (2020). Evaluasi Sustainability Report Pada Perusahaan Minyak Kelapa Sawit Dalam Mempromosikan Sustainable Palm Oil Untuk Mencapai Sustainable Development Goals 2030. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Kesatuan, 8(1), 107-116. https://doi.org/10.37641/jiakes.v8i1.426
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Christiawan, R. (2020). Legal Certainty of Oil Palm Plantation Land Title Holder. Proceedings of the First International Conference of Science, Engineering and Technology, ICSET 2019, November 23 2019, Jakarta, Indonesia https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.23-11-2019.2301597
Dalheimer, B., Parikoglou, I., Brambach, F., Yanita, M., Kreft, H., & Brümmer, B. (2024). On the Palm Oil-Biodiversity Trade-Off: Environmental Performance of Smallholder Producers. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2024.102975
Ernawati, H. D., Fathoni, Z., Wahyuni, I., Fauzia, G., & Tamba, R. S. (2019). The impact of oil palm revitalization partnership at PT. Brahma Bina Bakti to farming participants revenues in Sekernan District, Muaro Jambi Regency. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 336. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/336/1/012007
Ferrianta, Y., Yulianti, M., Firmansyah, H., & Alif, M. (2017). The Development Strategy for Community Empowerment in the Framework of Fire Prevention and Control fires and Haze in Oil Palm in South Kalimantan. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS), 10, 47-51. https://doi.org/10.9790/2380-1002014751
Hakim, L., Pangestu, A. P., & Ma'ruf, M. H. (2025). The Impact Of Agricultural Field Extension Workers' Performance And Competence On Farmers' Satisfaction In Negeri Besar District, Waykanan Regency, With Extension Workers' Commitment As A Moderating Variable. International Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting Research, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.29040/ijebar.v9i1.16479
Halomoan, M., Dharmawan, A. H., & Sunito, S. (2025). Social Forestry as Solution to Agrarian Conflicts? A Case Study between Oil Palm Smallholders and Industrial Plantations in Jambi, Indonesia. Forest and Society, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.24259/fs.v9i2.26656
Hidayanto, M., & Fiana, Y. (2024). Sustainability Evaluation of a Smallholder Cocoa Plantation on the Sebatik Island, Indonesia. Journal Of Water And Land Development, 167–176. https://doi.org/10.24425/jwld.2024.149118
Imang, N., Balkis, S., & Maliki, M. (2019). Analisis Implementasi Pola Kemitraan dan Pendapatan Petani Plasma Kelapa Sawit di Kecamatan Bentian Besar Kabupaten Kutai Barat Provinsi Kalimantan timur. Jurnal Pertanian Terpadu, 7(1), 112–121. https://ojs.stiperkutim.ac.id/index.php/jpt/article/view/187
Ismawartati, I., Nuryanti, A., Rachmawati, R., Rohani, S., & Awaka, M. Q. (2023). Profit Sharing System of Oil Palm Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) between Plasma Farmers and Palm Oil Companies in Kalimantan Province. Daengku: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Innovation, 3(5), 888-892 . https://doi.org/10.35877/454ri.daengku2197
Iswahyudi, H. (2020). Konservasi Tanah pada Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Dewasa di Pt. Citra Putra Kebun Asri Jorong Tanah Laut. Agrisains: Jurnal Budidaya Tanaman Perkebunan Politeknik Hasnur . https://doi.org/10.46365/agrs.v6i01.368
Kavanagh, P., & Pitcher, T. J. (2004). Implementing Microsoft Excel Software For Rapfish: A Technique For The Rapid Appraisal of Fisheries Status. Fisheries Centre Research Reports. https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0074801
Liana, L., Siregar, H., Sinaga, B. M., & Hakim, D. B. (2023). Kendala Penerapan Sertifikasi Keberlanjutan Oleh Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Rakyat Di Indonesia: Sebuah Tinjauan Empiris. Dinamika Pertanian, 39(2), 131-140. https://journal.uir.ac.id/index.php/dinamikapertanian/article/view/16426
Manto, A., & Gunawan, S. (2026). Mapping the Potential of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Programs in Palm Oil Plantations. Tropical Plantation Journal, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.56125/tpj.v5i1.89
Marcelino, J. P., & Dı́az, E. V. (2016). Frond Pruning Enhanced The Growth and Yield of Eight-Year-Old Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). Annals of Tropical Research, 38(2), 96–105.. https://doi.org/10.32945/atr3827.2016
Markus, Ujianto, and Kusmaningtyas, A. (2019). Analysis of Nuclear-Plasma Partnership Pattern for Sustainable Oil Palm Plantation in Riau Province, Indonesia. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 21(12), 73–78. https://www.iieta.org/journals/ijsdp/paper/10.18280/ijsdp.180109
Najmi, N. L., Jaktsa, A., Suharno., & Fariyanti, A. (2019). Status Keberlanjutan Pengelolaan Perkebunan Inti Rakyat Kelapa Sawit Berkelanjutan di Trumon, Aceh Selatan. Forum Agribisnis, 9(1), 53–68. https://doi.org/10.29244/fagb.9.1.53-68
Nashr, F., Intan, E., Putri, K., Dharmawan, A. H., & Fauzi, A. (2021). The Sustainability of Independent Palm Oil Smallholders in Multi-Tier Supply Chains in East Kalimantan Indonesia. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 16(4), 771–781. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.160418
Ngadi, N. & Noveria, M. (2017). Keberlanjutan Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Di Indonesia dan Prospek Pengembangan di Kawasan Perbatasan. Masyarakat Indonesia Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Indonesia, 43(1), 95–111. https://ejournal.brin.go.id/jmi/article/view/8302
Nur, R., Hidayat, Y., & Azis, F. (2022). Eksistensi Modal Sosial Petani Sawit Di Desa Sidomulyo Kecamatan Wanaraya Kabupaten Barito Kuala. Jurnal Ilmiah Mandala Education (JIME), 8(2), 1270-1278. http://ejournal.mandalanursa.org/index.php/JIME https://ejournal.mandalanursa.org/index.php/JIME/article/viewFile/3063/2507
Prasetya, B., Tampubolon, B. D., Wahono, D. R., Darmayanti, N. T. E., Kristiningrum, E., Mulyono, A. B., ..., & Susmiarni, RD (2025). The Role of Traceability of Standardized Palm Oil Seed for Strengthening Smallholder Plantation in Indonesia. Jurnal Ekohumanisme, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v4i1.6385
Purwadi, P., Firmansyah, E., & Nurjanah, D. (2023). Challenges And Gap Capacity Of Palm Oil Farmers In Accessing Digital Extension And Assistance Services. Agrisocionomics: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian, 8(2), 471-484 . https://doi.org/10.14710/agrisocionomics.v8i2.18099
Putri, E. I. K., Dharmawan, A. H., Hospes, O., Yulian, B. E., Amalia, R., Mardiyaningsih, D. I., & Suradiredja, D. Y. (2022). The Oil Palm Governance : Challenges of Sustainability Policy in Indonesia. Sustanbility, 14(3), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031820
Reich, C., & Musshoff, O. (2025). Oil Palm Smallholders and the Road to Certification: Insights from Indonesia. Journal of Environmental Management, 375, 124303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.124303
Rospiani, D., Lifianthi, L., & Dwi, W. S. (2022). Sustainability analysis of the economy of palm oil plasma farmers in Sungai Lilin District of Musi Banyuasin Regency, Indonesia. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 1(121), 165–172. https://share.google/5F72HuMklJUUsTm6L
Sarkum, S., & Harahap, A. (2025). Supply Chain Of Fresh Fruit Bunches From Independent Oil Palm Farmers. Jurnal Internasional Sains dan Lingkungan (IJSE), 5(1) . https://doi.org/10.51601/ijse.v5i1.146
Siregar, M. R., Limbong, C. H., Rafika, M. P. E., & Nasution, A. Y. (2022). Training for Plantation Sector Cooperative Business Empowerment in The Financial Sector in Labuhanbatu Regency in 2021. ABDIMAS TALENTA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.32734/abdimastalenta.v7i2.9122
Sofiyuddin, M., Suyanto, S., Kadir, S., & Dewi, S. (2021). Sustainable land preparation for farmer-managed lowland agriculture in Indonesia. Forest Policy and Economics, 130 , 102534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102534
Supriatna, J., Djumarno, D., Saluy, A. B., & Kurniawan, D. (2024). Sustainability Analysis of Smallholder Oil Palm Plantations in Several Provinces in Indonesia. Sustanbility, 16(11), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114383
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