Studi Karakteristik Laju Respirasi Alpukat Tongar pada Berbagai Konsentrasi Oksigen selama Penyimpanan Dingin
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##
Abstract
Alpukat varietas Tongar merupakan buah klimakterik yang memiliki laju respirasi tinggi setelah panen sehingga mudah mengalami penurunan mutu dan kerusakan. Pengendalian kondisi penyimpanan, khususnya konsentrasi O₂ dan suhu, sangat penting untuk memperlambat proses respirasi dan memperpanjang umur simpan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik laju respirasi alpukat Tongar pada berbagai konsentrasi O₂ selama penyimpanan pada suhu dingin (10°C). Pengukuran laju respirasi dilakukan menggunakan metode aliran kontinu (flow-through method) dengan perlakuan konsentrasi O₂ sebesar 2%, 4%, 9%, dan 20%. Parameter yang diamati meliputi laju konsumsi O₂ dan laju produksi CO₂ selama 14 jam penyimpanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju konsumsi O₂ menurun seiring waktu pada seluruh perlakuan, dengan nilai tertinggi pada konsentrasi 20% O₂ dan terendah pada 9% O₂. Sebaliknya, laju produksi CO₂ meningkat selama penyimpanan, dengan nilai tertinggi juga ditemukan pada konsentrasi 20% O₂, sedangkan konsentrasi 2% menghasilkan produksi CO₂ terendah. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi O₂ berpengaruh terhadap laju respirasi alpukat Tongar. Konsentrasi O₂ rendah efektif menekan respirasi, namun perlu dikontrol agar tidak memicu kondisi anaerob. Dengan demikian, pengaturan konsentrasi O₂ dan suhu penyimpanan yang tepat berpotensi mempertahankan mutu dan memperpanjang umur simpan alpukat Tongar.
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Benkeblia, N. (2021). Physiological and Biochemical Response of Tropical Fruits to Hypoxia/Anoxia. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.670803
Bennett, A. B., Smith, G. M., & Nichols, B. G. (1987). Regulation of Climacteric Respiration in Ripening Avocado Fruit. Plant Physiol, 83(4). https://academic.oup.com/plphys/article/83/4/973/6082692
Fahmy, K., & Nakano, K. (2014). Optimal Design of Modified Atmosphere Packaging for Alleviating Chilling Injury in Cucumber Fruit. Environmental Control in Biology, 52(4), 233–240. https://doi.org/10.2525/ecb.52.233
Giovannoni, J. (2001). Molecular Biology of Fruit Maturation and Ripening. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 52. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.52.1.725
Guillard, V., Buche, P., Dibie, J., Dervaux, S., Acerbi, F., Chaix, E., ..., & Guillaume, C. (2016). CO2 and O2 Solubility and Diffusivity Data in Food Products Stored in Data Warehouse Structured by Ontology. Data in Brief, 7, 1556–1559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2016.04.044
Ho, Q. T., Hertog, M. L. A. T. M., Verboven, P., Ambaw, A., Rogge, S., Verlinden, B. E., & Nicolaï, B. M. (2018). Down-Regulation of Respiration in Pear Fruit Depends on Temperature. Journal of Experimental Botany, 69(8), 2049–2060. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ery031
Kandasamy, P. (2022). Respiration Rate of Fruits and Vegetables for Modified Atmosphere Packaging: A Mathematical Approach. Journal of Postharvest Technology, 10(1), 88–102. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/358532606_Respiration_rate_of_fruits_and_vegetables_for_modified_atmosphere_packaging_a_mathematical_approach
Kargwal, R., Garg, M., Singh, V., Garg, R., & Kumar, N. (2020). Principles of Modified Atmosphere Packaging for Shelf Life Extension of Fruits And Vegetables: An Overview of Storage Conditions. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 8(3), 2245–2252. https://www.doi.org/10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i3af.9545
Lokke, M. M., Seefeldt, H. F., Edwards, G., & Green, O. (2011). Novel Wireless Sensor System for Monitoring Oxygen, Temperature and Respiration Rate of Horticultural Crops Post Harvest. Sensors, 11(9), 8456–8468. https://doi.org/10.3390/s110908456
Mangaraj, S., Goswami, T. K., & Mahajan, P. V. (2015). Development and Validation of A Comprehensive Model for Map of Fruits Based on Enzyme Kinetics Theory and Arrhenius Relation. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 52(7), 4286–4295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-014-1364-0
Mendoza, R., Castellanos, D. A., García, J. C., Vargas, J. C., & Herrera, A. O. (2016). Ethylene Production, Respiration and Gas Exchange Modelling in Modified Atmosphere Packaging for Banana Fruits. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 51(3), 777–788. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.13037
Mungalpara, B., Kashyap, D. H., Ratanpara, K., & P, T. G. (2025). Modified Atmosphere Packaging and Its Application:-A Review. International Journal on Science and Technology, 16(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.71097/IJSAT.v16.i1.1958
Sari, M. D., Hayati, P. K. D., Gustian, & Kuswandi. (2024). Characterization of Avocado ( Persea americana Mill.) in Nagari Giri Maju, West Pasaman Regency Based on fruit morphological characteristics. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1306(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1306/1/012009
Sati, H., Kataria, P., Pareek, S., & Neuwald, D. A. (2025). Molecular Biochemistry and Physiology of Postharvest Chilling Injury in Fruits: Mechanisms and Mitigation. Agronomy, 15(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15122914
Seymour, G. B., & Tucker, G. A. (1993). Biochemistry of Fruit Ripening. Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1584-1
Sivankalyani, V., Feygenberg, O., Maorer, D., Zaaroor, M., Fallik, E., & Alkan, N. (2015). Combined Treatments Reduce Chilling Injury and Maintain Fruit Quality in Avocado Fruit during Cold Quarantine. PLoS ONE, 10(10). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0140522
Yanti, N. R., Fahmy, K., Ifmalinda, I., Arlius, F., & Fresmiyanti, M. (2023). Pengaruh Penggunaan Lilin Carnauba Terhadap Mutu Buah Alpukat (Persea Americana Mill) Varietas Mega Paninggahan. Journal Teknologi Pertanian Andalas, 27(2), 239–248. https://doi.org/10.25077/jtpa.27.2.239-248.2023
Young, R. E., Romani, R. J., & Biale, J. B. (1961). Carbon Dioxide Effects on Fruit Respiration . II. Response of Avocados, Bananas, & Lemons. Plant Physiology, 37(3). 416–422. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC549804/
Zainal, P. W., Syukri, D., Suliansyah, I., & Fahmy, K. (2024). Physical Treatments for Alleviating Chilling Injury in Fresh produce. Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering), 13(2). https://doi.org/10.23960/jtep-l.v13i2.493-505